2021/1. szám

EMPIRICAL STUDIES OF THE HUNGARIAN LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE SOCIALIST ERA

István H. SZILÁGYI

The aim of this paper to revisit the earlier studies have been made on the findings of Hungarian socialist legal sociology with respect to the description and analysis of the socialist legal culture in the lights of the recent researches. The discussion starts with the first comprehensive empirical survey on the legal knowledge of the population, designed and carried out by Kálmán Kulcsár in 1965. The paper enumerates and evaluates the outcomes of the next two decades: the main subjects of the 1970s were the effects of the social groups and stratification on then Hungarians' legal consciousness, while in the '80s the anthropological approach and the theme of legal socialization appeared on the horizon of the socio-legal studies. For a critical synthesis of the earlies period, András Sajó's two seminal works, written shortly before the democratic turn, are presented in the paper. It ends with the critical assessment of the legacy of the socio-legal studies in the subject, clarifying the important methodological and theoretical achievements of the socialist era.

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